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In Judges 12, “Shibboleth” is used as a word-test at the Jordan fords to identify Ephraimites who could not pronounce it correctly (Judges 12:5–6). Those who said “Sibboleth” were recognized and killed, and the passage reports a large number of Ephraimites fell there (Judges 12:6).
5The Gileadites took the fords of the Jordan against the Ephraimites. It was so, that when [any of] the fugitives of Ephraim said, Let me go over, the men of Gilead said to him, Are you an Ephraimite? If he said, No;
6then said they to him, Say now Shibboleth; and he said Sibboleth; for he couldn`t manage to pronounce it right: then they laid hold on him, and killed him at the fords of the Jordan. There fell at that time of Ephraim forty-two thousand.