10:1Meaning
Calling and delegated authority Jesus summons his twelve disciples to himself and gives them authority to act against “unclean spirits” and to heal. The authority is not described as originating in them; it is something Jesus gives. The scope is broad: casting out spirits and healing every kind of disease and sickness.
Unit 2 (vv. 2–3a): The twelve are named as “apostles”
The narrator introduces the list as “the names of the twelve apostles,” signaling a role connected with being sent. The list begins with “the first, Simon, who is called Peter,” then Andrew, followed by James and John, identified as sons/brothers in the same family.
Unit 3 (vv. 3b–4): Completing the list and highlighting Judas
The remaining names are given in sequence, including Matthew identified by his former occupation as a tax collector. The list closes with Simon the Canaanite and Judas Iscariot. Judas is set apart with a note looking ahead: he is the one who also betrayed Jesus, alerting the reader to later conflict within the group.