Shared ground

These verses finish the message against Mount Seir/Edom by stating a final reversal. The Lord sets a contrast in time: when “the whole earth rejoices,” Edom will be made desolate (v.14). The text also states the reason in matching terms: Edom rejoiced when Israel’s “inheritance” (its land) became desolate, so the Lord will treat Edom the same way (v.15).

The closing line (“they shall know that I am Yahweh”) presents this outcome as a public, recognizable act of the Lord, not a random shift in politics. The repeated “all” language (“all Edom… all of it”) underlines the scope of the announced devastation.

Where interpretation differs

Two main details are read differently.

First, “the whole earth” may be taken as literally all nations everywhere, or more simply as the surrounding world/region that sees the change and celebrates. Both readings keep the contrast point: a broad rejoicing elsewhere coincides with Edom’s collapse.

Second, “they shall know” may refer mainly to Edom (the judged people recognizing who acted) or to wider observers (neighbors recognizing the Lord’s hand). Either way, recognition is the intended result named by the text.

Why the disagreement exists

The phrases “whole earth” and “they” are not tightly defined in the sentence itself. Hebrew idiom can use “earth/land” for a worldwide scope or for a more local horizon, and the pronoun “they” naturally picks up meaning from context rather than explicit identification.

What this passage clearly contributes

Explicitly, the passage ties judgment to measured reversal: Edom’s gloating over Israel’s ruin becomes the template for Edom’s ruin. It also reinforces a major Ezekiel theme: historical outcomes are meant to disclose the Lord’s identity and agency (compare Ezekiel 35:9). Theologically inferred (but consistent with the text) is a moral logic about gloating over another people’s devastation and opportunism during catastrophe: the Lord treats such joy as accountable behavior, not a harmless reaction.